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in is suspended her every hope relative to improvement； security； and happiness。 The moment India falls again under the dominion of any one or any number of native princes； all hope of mental improvement； or even of security for person or property； will at once vanish。 Nothing could be then expected but scenes of rapine； plunder； bloodshed； and violence； till its inhabitants were sealed over to irremediable wretchedness； without the most distant ray of hope respecting the future。 And were it severed from Britain in any other way； the reverse felt in India would be unspeakably great。 At present all the learning； the intelligence； the probity； the philanthropy； the weight of character existing in Britain； are brought to bear on India。 There is scarcely an individual sustaining a part in the administration of affairs who does not feel the weight of that tribunal formed by the suffrages of the wise and the good in Britain； though he be stationed in the remotest parts of India。 Through the medium of a free press the wisdom； probity； and philanthropy which pervade Britain exercise an almost unbounded sway over every part of India； to the incalculable advantage of its inhabitants； constituting a triumph of virtue and wisdom thus unknown to the ancients； and which will increase in its effects in exact proportion to the increase in Britain of justice； generosity； and love to mankind。 Let India； however； be severed from Britain； and the weight of these is felt no more。。。
〃It is a fact that in case of outrage or injury it is in most cases easier for a native to obtain justice against a European； than for a European to obtain redress if insulted or wronged by a native。 This circumstance； attended as it may be with some inconvenience； reflects the highest honour on the British name； it is a fact of which India affords almost the first instance on record in the annals of history。 Britain is nearly the first nation in whose foreign Courts of Justice a tenderness for the native inhabitants habitually prevails over all the partialities arising from country and education。 If there ever existed a period； therefore； in which a European could oppress a native of India with impunity； that time is passed awaywe trust for ever。 That a permission of this nature might tend to sever India from Britain after the example of America is of all things the most improbable。。。
〃Long before the number of British landholders in India shall have become considerable； Penang and the Eastern Isles； Ceylon； the Cape； and even the Isles of New South Wales； may in European population far exceed them in number； and unitedly； if not singly； render the most distant step of this nature as impracticable； as it would be ruinous； to the welfare and happiness of India。。。
〃British…born landholders would naturally maintain all their national attachments； for what Briton can lose them？ and derive their happiness from corresponding with the wise and good at home。 If sufficiently wealthy； they would no doubt occasionally visit Britain； where indeed it might be expected that some of them would reside for years together； as do the owners of estates in the West Indies。 While Britain shall remain what she now is； it will be impossible for those who have once felt the force of British attachments； ever to forego them。 Those feelings would animate their minds； occupy their conversation； and regulate the education and studies of their children； who would be in general sent home that they might there imbibe all those ideas of a moral and intellectual nature for which our beloved country is so eminent。 Thus a new intercourse would be established between Britain and the proprietors of land in India； highly to the advantage of both countries。 While they derived their highest happiness from the religion； the literature； the philanthropy and public spirit of Britain； they would； on the other hand； be able to furnish Britain with the most accurate and ample information relative to the state of things in a country in which the property they held there constrained them to feel so deep an interest。 The fear of all oppression being out of the question； while it would be so evidently the interest not only of every Briton but of every Christian； whether British or native； to secure the protecting aid of Britain； at least as long as two…thirds of the inhabitants of India retained the Hindoo or Mussulman system of religion； few things would be more likely to cement and preserve the connection between both countries than the existence of such a class of British…born landholders in India。〃
It is profitable to read this in the light of subsequent eventsof the Duff…Bentinck reforms； the Sepoy mutiny； the government of the Queen…Empress； the existence of more than three millions of Christians in India； the social and commercial development due to the non…officials from Great Britain and America； and the administrative progress under Lord Curzon and Lord Minto。
There is one evil which Carey never ceased to point out； but which the very perfection of our judicial procedure and the temporary character of our land assessments have intensified〃the borrowing system of the natives。〃 While 12 per cent。 is the so…called legal rate of interest； it is never below 36； and frequently rises to 72 per cent。 Native marriage customs； the commercial custom of 〃advances；〃 agricultural usage； and our civil procedure combine to sink millions of the peasantry lower than they were； in this respect； in Carey's time。 For this； too； he had a remedy so far as it was in his power to mitigate an evil which only practical Christianity will cure。 He was the first to apply in India that system of savings banks which the Government has of late sought to encourage。
At a time when the English and even Scottish universities denied their honorary degrees to all British subjects who were not of the established churches； Brown University； in the United StatesJudson'sspontaneously sent Carey the diploma of Doctor of Divinity。 That was in the year 1807。 In 1823 he was elected a corresponding member of the Horticultural Society of London； a member of the Geological Society； and a Fellow of the Linn鎍n Society。 To him the latter year was ever memorable； not for such honours which he had not sought； but for a flood of the Damoodar river； which； overflowing its embankments and desolating the whole country between it and the Hoogli； submerged his garden and the mission grounds with three feet of water； swept away the botanic treasures or buried them under sand； and destroyed his own house。 Carey was lying in bed at the time； under an apparently fatal fever following dislocation of the hip…joint。 He had lost his footing when stepping from his boat。 Surgical science was then less equal to such a case than it is now； and for nine days he suffered agony； which on the tenth resulted in fever。 When hurriedly carried out of his tottering house； which in a few hours was scoured away by the rush of the torrent into a hole fifty feet deep； his first thought was of his garden。 For six months he used crutches； but long before he could put foot to the ground he was carefully borne all over the scene of desolation。 His noble co