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ed sister penniless； he loved Lydia Grenfell with a pure passion which enriched while it saddened his short life； and a chaplaincy became the best mode in every way of his living and dying for India。 What a meeting must that have been between him and Carey when； already stricken by fever； he found a sanctuary in Aldeen； and learned at Serampore the sweetness of telling to the natives of India in one of their own tongues the love of God。 William Carey and Henry Martyn were one in origin； from the people； in industry； as scholars； in genius； as God…devoted； in the love of a great heart not always returned。 The older man left the church of his fathers because there was no Simeon and no missionary society； and he made his own university； he laid the foundation of English missions deep and broad in no sect but in Christ； to whom he and Martyn alike gave themselves。
The names of Carey and Simeon； thus linked to each other by Martyn； find another pleasant and fruitful tie in the Rev。 Alexander Stewart； D。D。； Gaelic scholar and Scottish preacher。 It was soon after Carey went out to India that Simeon； travelling in the Highlands； spent a Sunday in the manse of Moulin； where his personal intercourse and his evening sermon after a season of Communion were blessed to the evangelical enlightenment of Stewart。 Moulin was the birthplace ten years after of Alexander Duff； whose parents previously came under the power of the minister's new…found light。24 Like Simeon； Dr。 Stewart thenceforth became a warm supporter of foreign missions。 Finding in the Periodical Accounts a letter in which Carey asked Fuller to send him a copy of Van der Hooght's edition of the Hebrew Bible because of the weakness of his eyesight； Dr。 Stewart at once wrote offering his own copy。 Fuller gladly accepted the kindness。 〃I with great pleasure；〃 writes Dr。 Stewart； 〃followed the direction； wrote a letter of some length to Carey； and sent off my parcel to London。 I daresay you remember my favourite Hebrew Bible in two volumes。 I parted with it with something of the same feelings that a pious parent might do with a favourite son going on a mission to the heathenwith a little regret but with much goodwill。〃 This was the beginning of an interesting correspondence with Carey and Fuller。
Next to Andrew Fuller； and in the region of literature； general culture and eloquence before him； the strongest men among the Baptists were the younger Robert Hall and John Foster。 Both were devoted to Carey； and were the most powerful of the English advocates of his mission。 The former； for a time； was led to side with the Society in some of the details of its dispute with Dr。 Marshman； but his loyalty to Carey and the principles of the mission fired some of the most eloquent orations in English literature。 John Foster's shrewder common sense never wavered； but inspired his pen alike in the heat of controversy and in his powerful essays and criticisms。 Writing in 1828； he declared that the Serampore missionaries 〃have laboured with the most earnest assiduity for a quarter of a century （Dr。 Carey much longer） in all manner of undertakings for promoting Christianity； with such a renunciation of self…interest as will never be surpassed； that they have conveyed the oracles of divine truth into so many languages； that they have watched over diversified missionary operations with unremitting care； that they have conducted themselves through many trying and some perilous circumstances with prudence and fortitude； and that they retain to this hour an undiminished zeal to do all that providence shall enable them in the same good cause。〃 The expenditure of the Serampore Brotherhood up to that time； leaving out of account the miscellaneous missionary services； he showed to have been upwards of ？5；000。 Dr。 Chalmers in Scotland was as stoutly with Carey and his brethren as Foster was in England； so that Marshman wrote：〃Thus two of the greatest and wisest men of England are on our side； and； what is more； I trust the Lord God is with us。〃 What Heber thought； alike as man and bishop； his own loving letter and proposal for 〃reunion of our churches〃 in the next chapter will show。
Of all the publicists in the United Kingdom during Carey's long career the foremost was William Wilberforce； he was not second even to Charles Grant and his sons。 Defeated in carrying into law the 〃pious clauses〃 of the charter which would have opened India to the Christian missionary and schoolmaster in 1793； he nevertheless succeeded by his persuasive eloquence and the weight of his character in having them entered as Resolutions of the House of Commons。 He then gave himself successfully to the abolition of the slave…trade。 But he always declared the toleration of Christianity in British India to be 〃that greatest of all causes； for I really place it before the abolition； in which； blessed be God； we gained the victory。〃 His defeat in 1793； when Dundas and the Government were with him； was due to the apathy of public opinion； and especially of the dumb churches。 But in the next twenty years Carey changed all that。 Not merely was Andrew Fuller ever on the watch with pen and voice； but all the churches were roused； the Established to send out bishops and chaplains； the Nonconformist and Established Evangelicals together to secure freedom for missionaries and schoolmasters。 In 1793 an English missionary was an unknown and therefore a much…dreaded monster； for Carey was then on the sea。 In 1813 Carey and the Serampore Brotherhood were still the only English missionaries continuously at work in India； and not the churches only； but governor…generals like Teignmouth and Wellesley； and scholars like Colebrooke and H。 H。 Wilson； were familiar with the grandeur and political innocency of their labours。 Hence this outburst of Wilberforce in the House of Commons on the 16th July 1813； when he used the name of Carey to defeat an attempt of the Company to prevent toleration by omitting the declaratory clauses of the Resolution； which would have made it imply that the privilege should never be exerted though the power of licensing missionaries was nominally conceded。
〃One great argument of his opponents was grounded on the enthusiastic character which they imputed to the missionary body。 India hitherto has seen no missionary who was a member of the English Church； and imputations could be cast more readily on 'Anabaptists and fanatics。' These attacks Mr。 Wilberforce indignantly refuted； and well had the noble conduct of the band at Serampore deserved this vindication。 'I do not know；' he often said； 'a finer instance of the moral sublime； than that a poor cobbler working in his stall should conceive the idea of converting the Hindoos to Christianity； yet such was Dr。 Carey。 Why Milton's planning his Paradise Lost in his old age and blindness was nothing to it。 And then when he had gone to India； and was appointed by Lord Wellesley to a lucrative and honourable station in the college of Fort William； with equal nobleness of mind he made over all his salary （between ？000 and ？500 per annum） to the general objects of the mission。 By the way； nothing ever gave me a more lively sense of the low and mercenary stan