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teaux。
With the exception of Balzac； few writers have drawn authentic pictures of nineteenth…century noblewomen in France； and his vivid portrayals are more the creations of genius than correct descriptions of a caste。
During the last fifty years French aristocrats have ceased to be factors even in matters social； the sceptre they once held having passed into alien hands； the daughters of Albion to a great extent replacing their French rivals in influencing the ways of the 〃world；〃 … a change； be it remarked in passing； that has not improved the tone of society or contributed to the spread of good manners。
People like the French nobles； engaged in sulking and attempting to overthrow or boycott each succeeding regime； must naturally lose their influence。 They have held aloof so long … fearing to compromise themselves by any advances to the powers that be； and restrained by countless traditions from taking an active part in either the social or political strife … that little by little they have been passed by and ignored； which is a pity； for amid the ruin of many hopes and ambitions they have remained true to their caste and handed down from generation to generation the secret of that gracious urbanity and tact which distinguished the Gallic noblewoman in the last century from the rest of her kind and made her so deft in the difficult art of pleasing … and being pleased。
Within the last few years there have； however； been signs of a change。 Young members of historic houses show an amusing inclination to escape from their austere surroundings and resume the place their grandparents abdicated。 If it is impossible to rule as formerly； they at any rate intend to get some fun out of existence。
This joyous movement to the front is being made by the young matrons enlisted under the 〃Seven little duchesses'〃 banner。 Oddly enough； a baker's half…dozen of ducal coronets are worn at this moment； in France； by small and sprightly women； who have shaken the dust of centuries from those ornaments and sport them with a decidedly modern air！
It is the members of this clique who； in Paris during the spring； at their chateaux in the summer and autumn； and on the Riviera after Christmas； lead the amusements and strike the key for the modern French world。
No one of these light…hearted ladies takes any particular precedence over the others。 All are young； and some are wonderfully nice to look at。 The Duchesse d'Uzes is； perhaps； the handsomest； good looks being an inheritance from her mother； the beautiful and wayward Duchesse de Chaulme。
There is a vivid grace about the daughter； an intense vitality that suggests some beautiful being of the forest。 As she moves and speaks one almost expects to hear the quick breath coming and going through her quivering nostrils； and see foam on her full lips。 Her mother's tragic death has thrown a glamor of romance around the daughter's life that heightens the witchery of her beauty。
Next in good looks comes an American； the Duchesse de la Rochefoucauld； although marriage （which； as de Maupassant remarked； is rarely becoming） has not been propitious to that gentle lady。 By rights she should have been mentioned first； as her husband outranks； not only all the men of his age； but also his cousin； the old Duc de la Rochefoucauld…Doudeauville； to whom； however； a sort of brevet rank is accorded on account of his years； his wealth； and the high rank of his two wives。 It might almost be asserted that our fair compatriot wears the oldest coronet in France。 She certainly is mistress of three of the finest chateaux in that country； among which is Miromail； where the family live； and Liancourt； a superb Renaissance structure； a delight to the artist's soul。
The young Duchesse de Brissac runs her two comrades close as regards looks。 Brissac is the son of Mme。 de Tredern； whom Newporters will remember two years ago； when she enjoyed some weeks of our summer season。 Their chateau was built by the Brissac of Henri IV。's time and is one of the few that escaped uninjured through the Revolution； its vast stone corridors and massive oak ceilings； its moat and battlements； standing to… day unimpaired amid a group of chateaux including Chaumont； Rochecotte； Azay…le…Rideau； Usse； Chenonceau； within 〃dining〃 distance of each other； that form a centre of gayety next in importance to Paris and Cannes。 In the autumn these spacious castles are filled with joyous bands and their ample stables with horses。 A couple of years ago； when the king of Portugal and his suite were entertained at Chaumont for a week of stag… hunting； over three hundred people； servants； and guests； slept under its roof； and two hundred horses were housed in its stables。
The Duc de Luynes and his wife； who was Mlle。 de Crussol （daughter of the brilliant Duchesse d'Uzes of Boulanger fame）； live at Dampierre； another interesting pile filled with rare pictures； bric…a…brac； and statuary； first among which is Jean Goujon's life…sized statue （in silver） of Louis XIII。； presented by that monarch to his favorite； the founder of the house。 This gem of the Renaissance stands in an octagonal chamber hung in dark velvet； unique among statues。 It has been shown but once in public； at the Loan Exhibition in 1872； when the patriotic nobility lent their treasures to collect a fund for the Alsace…Lorraine exiles。
The Duchesse de Noailles； NEE Mlle。 de Luynes； is another of this coterie and one of the few French noblewomen who has travelled。 Many Americans will remember the visit she made here with her mother some years ago； and the effect her girlish grace produced at that time。 The de Noailles' chateau of Maintenon is an inheritance from Louis XIV。's prudish favorite； who founded and enriched the de Noailles family。 The Duc and Duchesse d'Uzes live near by at Bonnelle with the old Duc de Doudeauville； her grandfather； who is also the grandfather of Mme。 de Noailles； these two ladies being descended each from a wife of the old duke； the former from the Princesse de Polignac and the latter from the Princesse de Ligne。
The Duchesse de Bisaccia； NEE Princesse Radziwill； and the Duchesse d'Harcourt； who complete the circle of seven； also live in this vicinity； where another group of historic residences； including Eclimont and Rambouillet； the summer home of the president； rivals in gayety and hospitality the chateaux of the Loire。
No coterie in England or in this country corresponds at all to this French community。 Much as they love to amuse themselves； the idea of meeting any but their own set has never passed through their well…dressed heads。 They differ from their parents in that they have broken away from many antiquated habits。 Their houses are no longer lay hermitages； and their opera boxes are regularly filled； but no foreigner is ever received； no ambitious parvenu accepted among them。 Ostracism here means not a ten years' exile； but lifelong banishment。
The contrast is strong between this rigor and the enthusiasm with which wealthy new…comers are welcomed into London society or by our own upper crust； so full