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s often derived suggestions from these； were informed of things beyond the ken of ordinary faculties； were tempted to the commission of forbidden acts； or encouraged to proceed in the paths of virtue。
The most remarkable of these phenomena was that of necromancy； sorcery and magic。 There were men who devoted themselves to 〃curious arts；〃 and had books fraught with hidden knowledge。 They could 〃bedim
The noon…tide sun； call forth the mutinous winds； And 'twixt the green sea and the azured vault Set roaring war： to the dread； rattling thunder They could give fire； and rift even Jove's stout oak With his own boltgraves at their command Have waked their sleepers； oped and let them forth。
And of these things the actors in them were so certain； that many witches were led to the stake； their guilt being principally established on their own confessions。 But the most memorable matters in the history of the black art； were the contracts which those who practised it not unfrequently entered into with the devil； that he should assist them by his supernatural power for ten or twenty years； and； in consideration of this aid； they consented to resign their souls into his possession； when the period of the contract was expired。
In the animal creation there are some species that may be tamed； and others whose wildness is irreclaimable。 Horace says； that all men are mad： and no doubt mankind in general has one of the features of madness。 In the ordinary current of our existence we are to a considerable degree rational and tractable。 But we are not altogether safe。 I may converse with a maniac for hours； he shall talk as soberly； and conduct himself with as much propriety； as any other of the species who has never been afflicted with his disease； but touch upon a particular string； and； before you are aware of it； he shall fly out into the wildest and most terrifying extravagances。 Such； though in a greatly inferior degree； are the majority of human beings。
The original impulse of man is uncontrolableness。 When the spirit of life first descends upon us； we desire and attempt to be as free as air。 We are impatient of restraint。 This is the period of the empire of will。 There is a power within us that wars against the restraint of another。 We are eager to follow our own impulses and caprices； and are with difficulty subjected to those who believe they best know how to control inexperienced youth in a way that shall tend to his ultimate advantage。
The most moderate and auspicious method in which the old may endeavour to guide and control the pursuits of the young； undoubtedly is by the conviction of the understanding。 But this is not always easy。 It is not at all times practicable fully to explain to the apprehension of a very young person the advantage； which at a period a little more advanced he would be able clearly to recognise。
There is a further evil appertaining to this view of the subject。
A young man even； in the early season of life； is not always disposed to obey the convictions of his understanding。 He has prescribed to himself a task which returns with the returning day； but he is often not disposed to apply。 The very sense that it is what he conceives to be an incumbent duty； inspires him with reluctance。
An obvious source of this reluctance is； that the convictions of our understanding are not always equally present to us。 I have entered into a deduction of premises； and arrived at a conclusion； but some of the steps of the chain are scarcely obvious to me； at the time that I am called upon to act upon the conclusion I have drawn。 Beside which； there was a freshness in the first conception of the reasons on which my conduct was to be framed； which； by successive rehearsals； and by process of time； is no longer in any degree spirit…stirring and pregnant。
This restiveness and impracticability are principally incident to us in the period of youth。 By degrees the novelties of life wear out； and we become sober。 We are like soldiers at drill； and in a review。 At first we perform our exercise from necessity； and with an ill grace。 We had rather be doing almost any thing else。
By degrees we are reconciled to our occupation。 We are like horses in a manege； or oxen or dogs taught to draw the plough； or be harnessed to a carriage。 Our stubbornness is subdued； we no longer exhaust our strength in vain efforts to free ourselves from the yoke。
Conviction at first is strong。 Having arrived at years of discretion； I revolve with a sobered mind the different occupations to which my efforts and my time may be devoted； and determine at length upon that which under all the circumstances displays the most cogent recommendations。 Having done so； I rouse my faculties and direct my energies to the performance of my task。 By degrees however my resolution grows less vigorous； and my exertions relax。 I accept any pretence to be let off； and fly into a thousand episodes and eccentricities。
But； as the newness of life subsides； the power of temptation becomes less。 That conviction； which was at first strong； and gradually became fainter and less impressive； is made by incessant repetitions a part of my nature。 I no more think of doubting its truth； than of my own existence。 Practice has rendered the pursuits that engage me more easy； till at length I grow disturbed and uncomfortable if I am withheld from them。 They are like my daily bread。 If they are not afforded me； I grow sick and attenuated； and my life verges to a close。 The sun is not surer to rise； than I am to feel the want of my stated employment。
It is the business of education to tame the wild ass； the restive and rebellious principle； in our nature。 The judicious parent or instructor essays a thousand methods to accomplish his end。 The considerate elder tempts the child with inticements and caresses； that he may win his attention to the first rudiments of learning。
He sets before him； as he grows older； all the considerations and reasons he can devise； to make him apprehend the advantage of improvement and literature。 He does his utmost to make his progress easy； and to remove all impediments。 He smooths the path by which he is to proceed； and endeavours to root out all its thorns。 He exerts his eloquence to inspire his pupil with a love for the studies in which he is engaged。 He opens to him the beauties and genius of the authors he reads； and endeavours to proceed with him hand in hand； and step by step。 He persuades； he exhorts； and occasionally he reproves。 He awakens in him the love of excellence； the fear of disgrace； and an ambition to accomplish that which 〃the excellent of the earth〃 accomplished before him。
At a certain period the young man is delivered into his own hands； and becomes an instructor to himself。 And； if he is blessed with an ingenuous disposition； he will enter on his task with an earnest desire and a devoted spirit。 No person of a sober and enlarged mind can for a moment delude himself into the opinion that； when he is delivered into his own hands； his education is ended。 In a sense to which no one is a stranger； the education of man and his life terminate together。 We should at