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Coronado's Army。 The fervor with which the Spanish gallants joined Coronado's army of exploration is realized when one remembers that three hundred Spaniards as well as eight hundred Indians were gathered together in a few days。 Coronado was a Spanish grandee； traveling at the time of De Vaca's arrival as a royal official visitor。 In the words of Castaneda he was 〃a gentleman from Salamanca； who had married a lady in the City of Mexico； the daughter of Alonso de Estrada； the treasurer and at one time governor of Mexico； and the son （most people said） of his Catholic Majesty Don Ferdinand； and many state it as certain。〃 And the same historian later on continues； in his simple and naive way； to tell us about Tovar and many others： 〃When the Viceroy； Don Antonio de Mendoza； saw what a noble company had come together； and the spirit and good will with which they had all presented themselves； knowing the worth of these men； he would have liked very well to make every one of them captain of an army； but as the whole number was small he could not do as he would have liked； and so he appointed the captains and officers because it seemed to him that if they were appointed by him； as he was so well obeyed and beloved； nobody； would find fault with his arrangements。 After everybody had heard who the general was （Coronado）； he made Don Pedro de Tovar ensign general； a young gentleman who was the son of Don Fernando de Tovar； the guardian and high steward of the Queen Dona Juana； our demented mistressmay she be in glory。〃
A Brilliant and Gallant Company。 After the naming of their officers； Castaneda regrets that he has 〃forgotten the names of many good fellows。 It would be well if I could name some of them； so that it might be clearly seen what cause I had for saying that they had on this expedition the most brilliant company ever collected in the Indies to go in search of new lands。 But they were unfortunate in having a captain who left in New Spain estates and a pretty wife； a noble and excellent lady； which were not the least causes for what was to happen。〃
First Disappointment。 Poor Coronado！ The reader is thus prepared to throw upon him the blame because similar treasures to those found by Cortes in the land of Montezuma were not found in Arizona and New Mexico。 In spite of his having so many fine gentlemen in his official family； Coronado's disappointments and disillusionments began early。 As he reached the region where the wilderness beganjust past the Pima countryhe felt downhearted； 〃for； although the reports were very fine about what was ahead； there was nobody who had seen it except the Indians who went with the negro； and these had already been caught in some lies。〃
Meeting with Indians。 When the expedition first came in contact with the Indians of the desert region； the gallant members of the party must have been a little scared； for； according to Castaneda： 〃Some Indians。。。 during the night。。。 in a safe place yelled so that； although the men were ready for anything； some were so excited that they put their saddles on hind…side before； but these were the new fellows。 When the veterans had mounted and ridden round the camp； the Indians had fled。〃
Coronado Reaches Zuni。 Coronado finally reached Cibolathe mythicalnow known to be Zuni； in New Mexico。 Here he was not only disappointed because he did not find the great treasure so long anticipated； but he was wounded。 Getting into converse with him； the Indians told him of the people who lived round about； and among others； of those who dwelt in the province of Tusayan。 And here is what Castaneda tells us about the discovery by Europeans of those whom we now know as the Hopi。
Castaneda's Account of their Experiences in the Canyon。 〃The General had sent Don Pedro de Tovar to these villages with seventeen horsemen； and three or four foot soldiers。。Juan de Padilla； a Franciscan friar； who had been a fighting man in his youth； went with them。 When they reached the region； they entered the country so quietly that nobody observed them； because there were no settlements or farms between one village and another and the people do not leave the villages except to go to their farms； especially at this time； when they had heard that Cibola had been captured by very fierce people； who traveled on animals who ate people。 This information was generally believed by those who had never seen horses； although it was so strange as to cause much wonder。 Our men arrived after nightfall and were able to conceal themselves under the edge of the village； where they heard the natives talking in their houses。 But in the morning they were discovered； and drew up in regular order； while the natives went out to meet them； with bows and shields； and wooden clubs； drawn up in lines without any confusion。 The interpreter was given a chance to speak to them and to give them one warning； for they were very intelligent people； but nevertheless they drew lines and insisted that our men should not go across these lines toward their village。 While they were talking some men acted as if they would cross the lines； and one of the natives lost control of himself and struck a horse a blow on the check of the bridle with his club。 Friar Juan； fretted by the time that was being wasted in talking with them； said to the captain； 'To tell the truth； I do not know why we came here。' When the men heard this； they gave the Santiago （The Battle Cry of Spain）； so suddenly that they ran down many Indians and the others fled to the town in confusion。 Some indeed did not have a chance to do this； so quickly did the people in the villages come out with presents； asking for peace。 The captain ordered his force to collect； and； as the natives did not do any more harm； he and those who were with him found a place to establish new headquarters near the village。 They had dismounted here when the natives came peacefully； saying that they had come to give in the submission of the whole province and that they wanted him to be friends with them and to accept the presents which they gave him。 This was some cotton cloth； although not much； because they do not make it in that district。 They also gave him some dressed skins and some corn meal； and pine nuts； and corn and birds of the country。 Afterward they presented some turquoises； but not many。 The people of the whole district came together that day and submitted themselves； and they allowed him to enter their villages freely to visit； buy； sell； and barter with them。
〃It is governed like Cibola； by an assembly of the oldest men。 They have their governors and generals。 This was where they obtained the information about a large river； and that several days down the river there were some people with very large bodies。
〃As Don Pedro de Tovar was not commissioned to go farther； he returned from there； and gave this information to the general； who dispatched Don Garcia Lopez de Cardenas with about twelve companions to go to see this river。 He was well received when he reached Tusayan and was well entertained by the natives； who gave him guides for his journey。 They started from here loaded with provisions； for they had to go through a desert country before reaching the inhabited regio