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strong and efficient so that the human type will continue to develop？ Can
the common man； or the uncommon men who are allied with him； devise
such a law？ Or have they already devised one？ And if so； what is it？
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HOW I BECAME A SOCIALIST
It is quite fair to say that I became a Socialist in a fashion somewhat
similar to the way in which the Teutonic pagans became Christiansit was
hammered into me。 Not only was I not looking for Socialism at the time of
my conversion； but I was fighting it。 I was very young and callow； did not
know much of anything； and though I had never even heard of a school
called 〃Individualism；〃 I sang the paean of the strong with all my heart。
This was because I was strong myself。 By strong I mean that I had
good health and hard muscles； both of which possessions are easily
accounted for。 I had lived my childhood on California ranches； my
boyhood hustling newspapers on the streets of a healthy Western city； and
my youth on the ozone…laden waters of San Francisco Bay and the Pacific
Ocean。 I loved life in the open； and I toiled in the open； at the hardest
kinds of work。 Learning no trade； but drifting along from job to job； I
looked on the world and called it good； every bit of it。 Let me repeat； this
optimism was because I was healthy and strong； bothered with neither
aches nor weaknesses； never turned down by the boss because I did not
look fit； able always to get a job at shovelling coal； sailorizing； or manual
labor of some sort。
And because of all this； exulting in my young life； able to hold my
own at work or fight； I was a rampant individualist。 It was very natural。 I
was a winner。 Wherefore I called the game； as I saw it played； or thought I
saw it played； a very proper game for MEN。 To be a MAN was to write
man in large capitals on my heart。 To adventure like a man； and fight like a
man； and do a man's work （even for a boy's pay）these were things that
reached right in and gripped hold of me as no other thing could。 And I
looked ahead into long vistas of a hazy and interminable future； into which；
playing what I conceived to be MAN'S game； I should continue to travel
with unfailing health； without accidents； and with muscles ever vigorous。
As I say； this future was interminable。 I could see myself only raging
through life without end like one of Nietzsche's BLOND… BEASTS；
lustfully roving and conquering by sheer superiority and strength。
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As for the unfortunates； the sick； and ailing； and old； and maimed； I
must confess I hardly thought of them at all； save that I vaguely felt that
they； barring accidents； could be as good as I if they wanted to real hard；
and could work just as well。 Accidents？ Well； they represented FATE； also
spelled out in capitals； and there was no getting around FATE。 Napoleon
had had an accident at Waterloo； but that did not dampen my desire to be
another and later Napoleon。 Further； the optimism bred of a stomach
which could digest scrap iron and a body which flourished on hardships
did not permit me to consider accidents as even remotely related to my
glorious personality。
I hope I have made it clear that I was proud to be one of Nature's
strong…armed noblemen。 The dignity of labor was to me the most
impressive thing in the world。 Without having read Carlyle； or Kipling； I
formulated a gospel of work which put theirs in the shade。 Work was
everything。 It was sanctification and salvation。 The pride I took in a hard
day's work well done would be inconceivable to you。 It is almost
inconceivable to me as I look back upon it。 I was as faithful a wage slave
as ever capitalist exploited。 To shirk or malinger on the man who paid me
my wages was a sin； first； against myself； and second； against him。 I
considered it a crime second only to treason and just about as bad。
In short； my joyous individualism was dominated by the orthodox
bourgeois ethics。 I read the bourgeois papers； listened to the bourgeois
preachers； and shouted at the sonorous platitudes of the bourgeois
politicians。 And I doubt not； if other events had not changed my career；
that I should have evolved into a professional strike…breaker； （one of
President Eliot's American heroes）； and had my head and my earning
power irrevocably smashed by a club in the hands of some militant trades…
unionist。
Just about this time； returning from a seven months' voyage before the
mast； and just turned eighteen； I took it into my head to go tramping。 On
rods and blind baggages I fought my way from the open West where men
bucked big and the job hunted the man； to the congested labor centres of
the East； where men were small potatoes and hunted the job for all they
were worth。 And on this new BLOND… BEAST adventure I found myself
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looking upon life from a new and totally different angle。 I had dropped
down from the proletariat into what sociologists love to call the
〃submerged tenth；〃 and I was startled to discover the way in which that
submerged tenth was recruited。
I found there all sorts of men； many of whom had once been as good
as myself and just as BLOND…BEAST； sailor…men； soldier…men； labor…
men； all wrenched and distorted and twisted out of shape by toil and
hardship and accident； and cast adrift by their masters like so many old
horses。 I battered on the drag and slammed back gates with them； or
shivered with them in box cars and city parks； listening the while to life…
histories which began under auspices as fair as mine； with digestions and
bodies equal to and better than mine； and which ended there before my
eyes in the shambles at the bottom of the Social Pit。
And as I listened my brain began to work。 The woman of the streets
and the man of the gutter drew very close to me。 I saw the picture of the
Social Pit