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60
Governing a large country
is like frying small fish。
Too much poking spoils the meat。
When the Tao is used to govern the world
then evil will lose its power to harm the people。
Not that evil will no longer exist；
but only because it has lost its power。
Just as evil can lose its ability to harm；
the Master shuns the use of violence。
If you give evil nothing to oppose；
then virtue will return by itself。
61
A large country should take the low place like a great watershed；
which from its low position assumes the female role。
The female overcomes the male by the power of her position。
Her tranquility gives rise to her humility。
If a large country takes the low position；
it will be able to influence smaller countries。
If smaller countries take the lower position；
then they can allow themselves to be influenced。
So both seek to take the lower position
in order to influence the other； or be influenced。
Large countries should desire to protect and help the people；
and small countries should desire to serve others。
Both large and small countries benefit greatly from humility。
62
The Tao is the tabernacle of creation；
it is a treasure for those who are good；
and a place of refuge for those who are not。
How can those who are not good be abandoned？
Words that are beautiful are worth much；
but good behavior can only be learned by example。
When a new leader takes office；
don't give him gifts and offerings。
These things are not as valuable
as teaching him about the Tao。
Why was the Tao esteemed by the ancient Masters？
Is it not said： 〃With it we find without looking。
With it we find forgiveness for our transgressions。〃
That is why the world can not understand it。
63
Act by not acting；
do by not doing。
Enjoy the plain and simple。
Find that greatness in the small。
Take care of difficult problems
while they are still easy；
Do easy things before they become too hard。
Difficult problems are best solved while they are easy。
Great projects are best started while they are small。
The Master never takes on more than she can handle；
which means that she leaves nothing undone。
When an affirmation is given too lightly；
keep your eyes open for trouble ahead。
When something seems too easy；
difficulty is hiding in the details。
The master expects great difficulty；
so the task is always easier than planned。
64
Things are easier to control while things are quiet。
Things are easier to plan far in advance。
Things break easier while they are still brittle。
Things are easier hid while they are still small。
Prevent problems before they arise。
Take action before things get out of hand。
The tallest tree
begins as a tiny sprout。
The tallest building
starts with one shovel of dirt。
A journey of a thousand miles
starts with a single footstep。
If you rush into action； you will fail。
If you hold on too tight； you will lose your grip。
Therefore the Master lets things take their course
and thus never fails。
She doesn't hold on to things
and never loses them。
By pursing your goals too relentlessly；
you let them slip away。
If you are as concerned about the outcome
as you are about the beginning；
then it is hard to do things wrong。
The master seeks no possessions。
She learns by unlearning；
thus she is able to understand all things。
This gives her the ability to help all of creation。
65
The ancient Masters
who understood the way of the Tao；
did not educate people； but made them forget。
Smart people are difficult to guide；
because they think they are too clever。
To use cleverness to rule a country；
is to lead the country to ruin。
To avoid cleverness in ruling a country；
is to lead the country to prosperity。
Knowing the two alternatives is a pattern。
Remaining aware of the pattern is a virtue。
This dark and mysterious virtue is profound。
It is opposite our natural inclination；
but leads to harmony with the heavens。
66
Rivers and seas are rulers
of the streams of hundreds of valleys
because of the power of their low position。
If you want to be the ruler of people；
you must speak to them like you are their servant。
If you want to lead other people；
you must put their interest ahead of your own。
The people will not feel burdened；
if a wise person is in a position of power。
The people will not feel like they are being manipulated；
if a wise person is in front as their leader。
The whole world will ask for her guidance；
and will never get tired of her。
Because she does not like to compete；
no one can compete with the things she accomplishes。
67
The world talks about honoring the Tao；
but you can't tell it from their actions。
Because it is thought of as great；
the world makes light of it。
It seems too easy for anyone to use。
There are three jewels that I cherish：
compassion； moderation； and humility。
With compassion； you will be able to be brave；
With moderation； you will be able to give to others；
With humility； you will be able to become a great leader。
To abandon compassion while seeking to be brave；
or abandoning moderation while being benevolent；
or abandoning humility while seeking to lead
will only lead to greater trouble。
The compassionate warrior will be the winner；
and if compassion is your defense you will be secure。
Compassion is the protector of Heavens salvation。
68
The best warriors
do not use violence。
The best generals
do not destroy indiscriminately。
The best tacticians
try to avoid confrontation。
The best leaders
becomes servants of their people。
This is called the virtue of non…competition。
This is called the power to manage others。
This is called attaining harmony with the heavens。
69
There is an old saying：
〃It is better to become the passive
in order to see what will happen。
It is better to retreat a foot
than to advance only an inch。〃
This is called
being flexible while advancing；
pushing back without using force；
and destroying the enemy without engaging him。
There is no greater disaster
than underestimating your enemy。
Underestimating your enemy
means losing your greatest assets。
When equal forces meet in battle；
victory will go to the one
that enters with the greatest sorrow。
70
My words are easy to understand
and easier to put into practice。
Yet no one in the world seems to understand them；
and are not able to apply what I teach。
My teachings come from the ancients；
the things I do are done for a reason。
Because you do not know